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to acquire digitizedies of chinese language material make it publicly available. second what is china doing? we are launching a project china 360 to better b understand china's global activities and how can churches onto it. third how should the united states compete quakes were standing uppe a china policy accelerated to produce granular policy america did she did not sample how should america fix it's industrial base and harness innovation protect critical infrastructure and cyber for industrial policies butlu that's what the accelerator will seek to do.

fourth competition, work together and avoid war? or new global china forums will launch conversations with experts from china and world to answer that question but a china strategy initiative will research in key areas from defense and diplomacy economic and technology and china's domestic development the trl challenges to global governance. >> the these challenges are bold initiatives and we can do these will contain thousands of cfr members from across the country as well as her partners and other institutions around the world to grapple with the challenge together. hope to have you join us on thisjourney. [applause] >> good morning everybody. i'm mike froman and i want to thank you all for being here. they arether 400 on line. we are delighted to to thank rush for kicking off today's program. has told this initiative

together in about two months and it turns white house you have so we are delighted to have them at the council. as rush alluded to this is one of fourrosscutting initiatives for launching the european council but the first one a mere mentioning american economic leadership by matt goodman wants once took you months ago that development and economic security. we have announced week it will help us stand up our climate initiative focused on climate and the nexusf climate immigration conflictct trade finance global health food security in a number g of other issues. the course today were launching the china initiative.is challenge is the video mentioned is unlike any that we havees are high and it's very important we are able to crowd and expertise from the broader foreign polic community whether it's other thing think some universities, government officials around these four questions that were laid out in the video. china thinking what is

china doing what does the u.s. do and how should wecompetition? we can't do this along to in that effort. with that let me introduce our first speaker today kurt campbell i've known kurt for a long time it goes back went 90 went to their member meeting kurt on the bus in 1991 and i could spend the next hour te stories about kurt but i won't do that. he's not deputy secretary of stateep so we are very grateful he's taking meout of hisday to be with us and deputy assistant to pacific aairs coordinating the overall effort towards the indo pacific leading to the launch of the quad in gust and so much diplomacy across t chairman and ceo of the ace group he cofounded the center for american security senior vice president of csis led the strategy group and everything inouncil on foreign relations sola in order to pay his tendencies participate in our offense and we are

grateful to him for doing that but today's discussion is on the recordn please join me in welcoming deputy secretary and it gets just awhat a wonderful opportunity and initiative. council on foreign relations office with such a fantastic smart u my french leadership froman. there've been questions about what will happen next at the tanks. cfr has really tackled the issues that we are confronting and i'm m thrilled to see mike off to such a fantastic start. i also appreciate the efforts of the entire cfr team to put thi t today. you see them outside. they are hard-working and a team that's only wonderful place for people to gather but for people to work t together.

lastly i want is a couple of words about my friend rush doshi. it's wonderful to see him get to eserves. he and i worked together for many years. i met him at harvard 10 years ago when he was finishing y his ph.d.. it's often view that somehow we mentored the as they come but that's not the case in the set of circumstances. he has been mych throughout. i've learned probably more fro i've ever worked for. a fantastic collate incredibly lo tremendous -- at the white house for three years and you'll have the benefit of his wisdom as he launches this program going c forward in the council on ign relations so congratulations to rush and we look forwardoway we can. i'm going to talk a little bit and whether the increased focus on indo pacific can be sustained as we are buffeted by domestic challenges and other challenges on the internation@fc9 scene. many of you with us today and us on line are

yourselves leaders in the tnational community, the people who have helped shape and drive much that we are discussing today. with that the spirit of this new initiative that like to offer few words about the cent president biden's national security adviser secretary blinken and thr: strategic engagement into the indo pacific region long-lasting and enduring.g. things like that would be a simple proposition but it's one that we have been challenged by time and time again. it's not a new task and for decades there has been a growing recognition that american foreign policy must better account for the opportunities and challenges of the indo pacific region. yet even as strategists acknowledged this underlying imperative multiple administrations have struggled to realize it a especially sustain it over the long-term with resources time focus and attention but that is not to say

the u.s. presence in the region iohas been modest or that it is recently the united states has been in indo pacif power for over twodo centuries. our treaty alliances with the ina-p to come japan the republicland stretch back 70 years and lon deep economic people-to-people ties still further back. efforts up our strong fountion have too often proved episodic. the break-in wisdom ie inacts only until the next crisis polls or focus away from the strong important endeavo into the of i would simply put you that this time different and it's different by design.re today the structure of ou is durable anchoring the united states in the region for the long-haul. proof of that durability is recent as wars rage in central europe and the middle

east our commitment to the indo pacific hasoz withstood thoseribe what i think are the elements of an enduring approach. three ground their perch and we first the caseeor greater u.s. engagement in the indo pacific has a clearegic focus more than it ever did in the pastnd than a decade ago. the region is home to more than half of the world's two-thirds of the world's economy and several of thed' it's economies drive of all growth in and are the world's hub for trade, manufacturing and innovation. it also supports more than 3 million american and has provided nearly 900 billion in foreign direct investment in theit of that relatively recently giving the opportunities of technology. during the biden administration to indo pacific parted once considered destinations for american offshoring have instead

committed more than $200 billion to american manufacturing renaissance the field from semiconductors to batteries. the same time the region is a source off significant risks. prc's military buildup which about the biggest ever and taken in p upsetting the regional balance. the democratic peoples republic continues it's provocations and beijing's military provocations in the south and east china sea starkly at scholes this past week is across the line of actual ol in india and especially in and around the spark complex that could devasteobal economy. the world depends on supply and commercial flows s semi-conductor's that run through theat indo pacific and if interrupted could global depression. meanwhile the region is critical toinre transnational challenges like climate and

the biden administration's assessha only country with the intent to reshape the increasingly the economic diplomatic military and technological power to do so is widely shared. what happened the region will affect all americans a in the people of many of our allies and partners around the world. in past father have been questions about whether the focus on the indpacific was appropriate think there's a recognition now a large share of the century will play out in the indo pacific. t the secondnd proposition the united states is not alone in a he united states is deeply engaged with other nations within the indo pacific and beyond in setting up revitalizing our alliances and partnerships has been at the center of the biden administration approach to foreign policy. if you had asked me what would biden dr. and he would be setting up partnerships with allies and friends.

these partnerships are distinct from those of the past and it's evidence the structure of american engagement in the indo pacific is maturing. historically the united states fo u.s. hub allied and partners in that approach depended on washington's initiative could not easily be scaled. no indo pacific involved unique constellations and what an investor in manual and tokyo called the latticework that sets the on issues ranging from semiconductors to security cooperation to maritime domain awareness. the structures allow the united states to move faster reduce the risk of players rooted in region and through creativ personal diplomacy president biden has achieved diplomatic session is for first summit as president he brought together japan and the in the uni states. for the first-ever leaders meeting. last summer president

posted the prime minister of japan president of the republic can't david where they made ambitious pledges of cooperation despite decadesf of painful history between ou closest friends in northeast asia. the president launched australia and the uk for the first timestates have taken steps to providehe an ally a nuclear-powered submarine serious and long-term commitment for each of the partner countries to one another and to the indo pacific region. in the united states and india have launched an effort to intensify defense industrial cooperation on jet engines and armored vehicles. after working on india for decades i can tell you it's my view that the u.s.-india relationsh has reached it's velocity but i think we have a that can be standing in our impression and important

next steps. we were together on a variety of other issues between the united states and india including announcing new initiatives or will work together for the first time in the indian ocean. for australia arm mateen regimen at okinawa access to four new strategic locations in the philippines and opportunities for access in pap new guinea so multifaceted. consistent with the one china policy the biden administratioex foreign military sales to taiwan nd added military financing and the use of presidentialown authority to strengthen deterrence against increasing prc provocations in and around the straits. five years ago when we had challenges across the taiwan straits therwould of o country they would issue at diplomatic note and speak out publicly against our friends in taiwan. today the biden of has encouraged a record numbers ofhe taiwan

straits.llies and partners and all the plays a role in deterrenceconomics and technology are thrilled to hear that michael focus on probably the most important activity going forward a of the administrations approach has been novel initiatives with allies u.s. in technology and last week i accompanied jake sullivan furthering talks to trilevel coordinations with japan and the republic of on semiconductors and batteries and quantum thisis is the top of the indo pacific economic framework for 13 regional economies including the first of kind supply chain agreement. the united stas n investments from the indo pacific but it largest source of foreign direct investment in the region and around the globe outpacing the prc. our gauge men's leave the indo

pacific and european partners together. in the past we had theaters as separate and conflictt increasingly profound integration betweenhe the last time i serve at the state department o misunderstood as a sign that the uns turning away from europe, something that frankly have tried to say publicly was our mistake in the rollout. the truth isthat we have never done a consequence on the global stage we have done that to continue. increasingly and explicitly working to secure the indo pacific but it was only in. 2016 we recognize the indo t strategic priority and now the bike demonstration is holding annual consultaons with europ indo pacific and we we have held numerous, dozens of indoacific dialogs with our european partners in every the continent. several european countries now have indo pacific strategies of and key players that

are involved pacific as they stepped up their game fare as well. europeents are also combining their perches on the appr technology and diversi supply with the united states. european engagement not only complements american could also creates partnerships that ensure the united states remains active in the indo pacific with proof of effectt the prc and russia bjork cross continent will partnerships with growing concern. why they see the alliance and partners is a asymmetric advantage continue to continue. third and last a t bipartisan agreements about the central features of theem pacific. you will hear from my views y overall a sense of common purp the executive slated branches has been a mistake of lawn years. members of both parties are keenly are of past episodes of

strategic distractions as well as the critical role in american prosperity and security. i think at the core of that is the belief that capability through investment nologies working with allies and partners to help manifest them. congressional delegations have visited the region to effect in recent years including senator schumer's bipartisan delegation with china which helps open space for cooperation counternarcotics late last year. i just met with a bipartisan delegationou in india led by rmaul and reggae member makes along with sak emeritus e pelosi as they engage closely with friends partners. new congressional committees incl on china for sustaining that focus on congressional partners and other indo expanded dramatically in recent years. members of congress have also publicly expressed bipartisan

support for advanced ration at ministers such as ahca ap for it before and security for taiwan. i will also say wtr to also note that as we build policies we build them on the foundation of previous administrations including import and work of the trump administration. the compact of free agreement maintaining the u.s. commitment tont the republic to allow the republic of the marsh island passed with bipartisan support earlier this year. i'll jnment where literally nothing pass. the only thing thatth through was agreement to allow uto continue ourur relationship with the three states of the northern pacific and much of the key domestic legislation congress has passed which is historic in nature such as the chips and science act in the clear and the e as h well. the key will the course of their last three years the world has faced significantchallenges

outside. even in thefterward russia's utilization of ukraine or hamas attack on israel the that focus on the region and this is important. at that time the immediate aftermath president biden did a number o he posted -- posted the first asean leadership and traveled to and japan in joined the club later so launch the indo pacific domain. he hosted australia's prime minister foreign historic stateleaders at apec and the prc present xi jinping for a full day of meetings and cooperation on counternarcotics you're also institutionalizing te department and in the last 18 months with m con support secretary blinken stood up a new office of china coordination which we called inside thetat the china house to prioritize coordination with allies and

partners of across our work worldwide. the biden administration also understands the three theaters europe, the pacific are increasingly intertwined. the prc russia dprk and iran are increasingly in coordination and security cooperation. i would say the two countries that have done the most to support russia's constitution of the defense d industrial base since his ukraine defended china and north korea. in return russia is in the military programs of all partners. indeed vladimir putin visited the demoatic pples republic of for the first time in 20 years last week. partnerships but t in the indo pacific and sometimes call for sharp reduction in u.s. support to uk meaningful outlays taiwan and u.s.

support to ukraine would not only be a moral failure it would be a strategic one to not just in europe but in the indo pacific. frk- readjustment friends and as evidence credibility in t profound shift that are indo pacific friends arepport european security and hugely different from a previous pattern with the asian pacific and indo pacific partners who would often sit on developments. this was the most visibly on display whenen minister addressed a joint session of congress united states inre a critical moment in our country for called then it had been months with no movement on the bill. many in congress expressed surprise that minister's first was on ukraine and

victory ukraine is an essential precedent ffic were many of those same members of congress who wereed the prime minister's words -- for ukraine. in closing it is allies and partners that is before the biden administration to the pacific strategy but we have sustained us engage in expanding the very stakeholders committed to free and open indo pacific. it's not just a whole of government project. it's a whole of society project when it requires vibrant public scholarship di this. the chi will no doubt contribute much of that effort but itr just want to say we. have the resources to the state department and the government to bear in assi important work to take hold. i do want to say how much i appreciate the opportunity to be here but it's nice to be able to see two friends do so well and

are grateful for the opportunity to play a small role and it's launching. thank you very much.[applause] >> do you want me to sit here?÷x >> don't fit here. [laughter] thanks very much for that kurt. let's start maybe with your overall thrust on the rebalancing and coordination. recently whenever blackwell published a book called the decade the rights of chinese power. we get he gave you coming up with the idea of the pivot to asia or the rebalancing asia. as the title suggests you think it was a failure. do you agree with that assessment? >> i have seen the book and i've had a chance to purchase a paid and some of the interviews. i work out richard fontaine is friends. we often talk about how

strategists and friends to past, to ride back to history in ways that validate certain things about the way forward and iuld simply say china is not unique in and i frg of it just different from my own. i think the argument somehow made in a vacuum. i think parts of the book suggests that this was the biggesthe strateg failure of the last six years the ibility to the necessary resources to fully engage and develop a fundamental strategy and indo pacific. i think it tends to forget that some of the key challenges that the f iraq and afghanistan are really just enormous pressing enduring challengesh asia.

i would say both of them black well and richard fontaine, terrific public servants both endeavor. i would say the key often with new major initiatives is that they rarely began and a smooth fashion. they will starts and stops. i do think there was important work done in previous on the indo pacific at the beginning of the bush middle east and south asi there was a recogniti of the importance of indo pacific may put people like rich armitage of the state department ands of focus on how to see the way forward there. i think there w a detour and we are very well aware of now giving the other pressing challenges we are it's an important book in the sense that it offers a different

perspective but i think it have to be read in context of sort of a larger effort of how to understand how we ended up for 20 years devoting a dramatic share of our national and atten in initiatives in the middle east and south asia that i think historically looked to be not the best investment. >> let's go to here and now. we have a real r philippines between ourselves and china. the chinese seem to be testing us and how far theyan go with coast guard and other activity and how far they can go without triggering a reaction. if there's a loss of life will youre focus on tt? mike or senior officials have been very clear about what

circumstances we consider philippines would come play. we have had close consultations with the philippines about those circumstances but i do think it's important to say mike, that very cautious at this juncture. ot seek a crisis with china. they are seekingre seeking discussion and they want the united states to be purposeful with other allies partners about our goals tolear message of deterrence andeassurance and we have done so. we have had very close consultations since with the philippines. we have taken are theng to go through everything here. we have also significantlythe challenge in circumstances like this it is often the case that the others testing them. so i don't think china i don't think we are alone in figuring

we are being tested here. the most important thing in this timeframe is to be resolute and to be very clear publicly and our support for the very clear public andbelieve is essential for the maintenance t were in another manifestation of the strategy that we describe. 10 or 15 years ago this would only be united states in the philippines. we are literally in consultation with ovea dozen countries about shared a purchase to maintain peaceful stability there. >> as you mentioned in your remarks the launch of office the trilateral camp david sum with japan and south korea allirected towards reinstitution lies in focus and to the indo pacific. let's talk about the peace and by the way and her stand at camp

david but then there was a mini-summit with the two vice ministers from japan and. you wa talk about that if you w could? >> so since the camp david meeting just to underscore the importance of this trilateral at since camp david there had been over 50 major initiatives between the three countries in a range areas mike and we wanted to take stock of that at the vice minister level. i'm close to both of the these guys work relentlessly so we thought it would be nice to have a meeting in p are out fighting could then enjoy each other a little bit so we had t a wonderful session we reviewed all the different steps that we we are taking some concern about what was happening with russia and north korea how to plan ahead for what steps we might take trilateral at we were able to enjoy some good

southern virginiacue. >> to build on earlier about putin's initiative are the farthest from today's indo pacific talks working with china and russia to put pressure on north korea but do expect russia to provide north korea with nuclear support for their program and how do you think china feels about that? and the south korea now saying they may providing lethal aid to ukraine how areha two theaters emerging? let me take a couple if i can. first i think we have seen a dramatic step up and the relationship between moscow and pyongyang and we know that north korea has provided an enormous amount of 155 were slightly differing caliber shells for russia's war effort

some long-range missiles and other capabilities trainloads of other ships coming to russia. we believe that there are discussions about what north in exchange and it could be associated with nuclear or long-range missile development plans perhaps a good thing -- perhaps other things. we a i had a call last night at the south about our next steps in terms of steps that we will take to clearly. i think it's fair to say china is st's going on between russia and north korea. they have indicated in some of our interactions and we can see me tension associated with thosee things. in the past even though russia

and china are working very together in ukraine and i would argue it's a ep strategic partnership, one which we had historically gotten wrong on both sides and it's undeniably a defining feature of global politics today there were tensions the arctic and their attentionsn the countries that have traditionally been closer to russia increasinglylly commercially attracted to chinasi and now we are seein korea. they are worried that north korea will be somehow encouraged to take provocative steps that could lead to a crisi. we are watching carefully and we have seen some movement across the dm to the -- dmz that have led dmz we have seen really provocative language on the part of north

korea that suggests a juncture in which they no longer seek unification they are basically redefining their role in global politics and we have also seen a pattern of absolute clear determination avoid diplomacy with the united states, japan are deterrence. guess this is aus set of developments and one that we are watching and engaged on very closely. >> let's talk about the relationship w stchina. the biden administration was effective i cegal aid to russia for it's war inthey would be subject to some significant action by thas far as we19 know the public reporting as china has gone up to the line and providing components in imagery will rocket fuel and other things to aid the military does drill cox. post? not say unless they stoping

those components we are going to take action and opposed sanctions and the threat of sanctions used to be quite effective they are. >> i would simply say we have done exactly thathave seen last week we have taken particular steps at dozens of chinese firms that are involved in the endeavor to support russia's military-industrial complex.es is quite large and has been involved in aety of things some of which you have described including providingrecursor things for explosivesctors that are used for long-range munitions. so ink we have sought to take those steps. what's most important thoughí5 is russia attentive to what the european view of this is. in some respects they are misreading what is happening in europe. my own belief is in large parts of europe there is a daunting strategic realization of some of

the strategic challenges china poses not just in thena indo pacific peace and stability in europe as a whole. let's recall the kinds of developments that we seen that rsia reconstitutes but they provide an enormous challenge to the short-term to ukra that no matter what happens they will provide a long-termll to peace and stability in europe so countries in europe are going to have to deal come. and so china is involved in directly and i wouldly in an effort to basically change the nature of territorial lines and militar balance in the indo pacific. that is core to our strategic purpose also to the aspirations and strategic assessments tend to focus more of statements that somehow suggests ambivalence on the part of europeans to this growing reality but i wil

you three weeks ago in brussels andthe deep consultations is well understood and recognized in if you look at the itinerary of president s met's visit to indication that they themselves probably understand the nature of some of these debates. france, hungary and slovakia, if an unusual grouping of nations these are i think president xi felt he had some ability to make his case were not to be challenged. even in private meetings i france i think president macron was very clear about some of the concerned that europe as a whole is facing. so china's entry into the strategic calculations of europe is unmistakable. without question one of the

more important developments in recent times. we have tried to urge an two chinese policymakers and diplomats how dangerous this is and how it risks the maintenanced good relations not just with us.he same time the europeans have been very reluctant just to fall in line china policy whether and others in the german minister calling for a differentiated approach on economic policy towards china for europe from the united it's one thing saying here. say china is creating a threat to their security but he mentioned that the indo pacific it's focused on ukraine. were to happen in taiwan would expect the european allies to be with us on >> i'm not sure, first of all to go back with your proposition about countries getting in line. i to say

both of our strategic have been enriched by mentz between the united states and friends. >> we tend to focus on the wanted to statements of european ministers are leaders that appear out of sync. i would also have to take a look at some of the strategic doctrines comi at nato, some of the magnificent speeches that were provided to -- how the with respect to china. i think most of those suggests the overall balance is in favor n easing a limine. i will say there are increasing existing tensions on trade and technolo united states and europe. just as there are between china and europe. were closely with partners in europe to ease those tensions

where possible to see where we can cooper i see the situation slightly differently having workedurope on the indo pacific for decades now. they are unrecognizable today, mu greater. iseen is a large number of strong interest in the maintenance and stability across the taiwan strait. that is meant careful step to signal a desire to deteron and to stay in the status quo but i do believe that there is a large group of european nations that align within peace and stability to the status quo has served it's purpose is for decades and continues to do so and that they would seek to take those steps going forward. in t about scenarios and situa future i think you know mike we are better off not ruminating about those that let me open it up

now for questions from the record. please stand with your microphone and identifyre yourself form of a question and not a statement. let's go way in the back there third row from the end. good morning dimitri from the financ o the philippines talking about the mutual itappened -- demetrius you probably know i'm not going to speculate on that here. i will say we have affirmed thatce and it's relevance to the situations continually and at the highest level. the president and secretary of of state. we have sent a clear and unambiguous message of our determination to stand by her philippine friends. i will say also we areencing in many respects if you've visited d.c. and on the ground a u.s. european relations in which the people-to-people that diplomatic

the military every element o have increased dramatically in we are encouraged by that more generally. row. thank you very much. my name is alice and i might chintaiwan subject matter expert for and that commanded my question is since you know a lot about the european partnerships that we h with the u.s. are there any efforts that we are facilitate a messaging for any action sample and synchronize the messaging with our partners and allies in the middle east? >> it's a great question. i think this is an area that we? believe is critical for more work. in the last few years we have stepped up dramatically our cooperation in cybersecurity meaning the countries in europe like the indc are subject to deeption and penet

challenges that are from nonstate actors but also from russia and china. we have endeavoredupport those experiences systems. we have also worked intensely on disinformation which i think if you asked me what is the thing that concerns me the most it is theú effectiveness of disinformation and a variety of places. it's not just the case that we face it a ifficult to counter. we are now launching a number of initiatives of european statlp others to help how we address some of tho issues and yes you will see messaging that is purposeful and determined. i don't want to get ahead ourselves that we will be hosting that nato's 75th anniversary here in w month.

the ap for representatives will be here highlight the increasing connectivity between the pacific and europe and i believe we will have some things to say about ournd perspectives. there is much work to be done here and i do think that the key here, i think the most important in the effectiveness of the strategy isclosely with allies and partners and i wouldld just say this gets back to the 25th -- the point that mike makes. in many respects it's not really about other countries getting in line for instance. in some respects it's going to involve the united states way that we do business. i will tell you some of the most interestin in the u.s. japan relationship are japan demanding changes in the way that we have operated decades in the indo pacific or operated within the c our bilateral military relationship they want innovations in that challenges us your credit clean important

ways. mymy friend from the australian want to do the important work with australia. australia demands australia be treateke that certain sort of bureaucratic hurdles and e. to allow for the kind of consequent technological military corporations that is necessary. make this partnership, these effective is not just countries getting behind the united although a little of that does make you feel good at times. it is also the fact that this have to be parship in which the united states listens,tentive to other countries national legitimate national and international perspectives and concerns. the hope is now matter what happens in the united states continue. i will just interesting

i think it is clear across the indo pacific about what happens next in american domestic politics. ra than pulling back i see strategic partners investing more in the states largely because they recognize essenti global effort at resilience or purposefu defense necessarily involve the unitedting and sustaining momentum matters domestic context telsewhere. >> for next question we will go to our virtual question from fred hochberg. >> hi curt, hi might. but can we do to come away from a russia north k2!ea iran access? is there some carrot that we could deploy because otherwise just

seems too easy particular for them to keep moving closer and closer against the two world countries. >> first of all thank you for the question. i will say i think there is sometimes the viewmong foreign-policy practitionersomehow we forced china into russia's arms. and i don't think we fully recognize how project this has been on the part primarily of xi jinping but also of president putin. since coming to power they have met over 50 times, hundreds and hundreds hours enormous numbers ofyou can find in both of their systemsvalent about the other but i don't impact on a dramatic alignment strategic alignment between the two that is driven at the leader

level. we know a little bit about the nature of some of those discussions how they are prepared. if you a look at the statement it's remarkable.=iit combines elements of the 1950s ideology and 1930s territory of int's quite daunting and it's breath and ambition.@ in their private deliberations at the top levels of leaders and people around them take an enormous amount of time to fo on how and whether the united states is a them. they are very attentive to any effort to try to create tension between the two countries and they see it when we try toemploy it and they tried to steel themselves to i think ultimately my own view fred is this is a partnership that has enormous. maybe not now.

it's definitely aligned by a sense of antagonism towards "uster interference american perfidy a belief that we are involvedpe ints at sustained regime change globally. and a strongly shared view between the two countries and the two leader however the changesn the balance of power china's much in the better strategic position. i think there will likely be in of tension between moscow impossible to what that situation looks right now that alignment is powerful and sustaining and it's had ait huge impact on the battlefield more directly. and given how much china has supported russia there have to

be they have always been cert capabilities that russia from it's partnership with china even in periodsds of enormous infancy. given how much russia and china has recently stepped up great one have to be concerned that certain russia still has advantagesey are potentially part of the bargain between china and russia. >> the woman on the aisle there. c >> chris. you mentioned presumptive militaries related to it -- relates to join in your remarks earlier. what is this as administrations vision for normal relations and what h and off and h we want to achieve differently this time for how we will approach it? >> i'm glaate a dialogue between dod and the state departmen here at the

council on foreign relations. >> nice to see a chris it's been manyu for the question. you are right they over the course of the last 30 or 40 years. we have learned lessons in the process what's most important are few high-level discrete engagements designed to do number of things. first to just make sure j we have open lines of to convey important messages to chin secretary austin met hiset counterpart and was able to have a strong strategicv engagement and we look to the admiral engaging one of his counterparts next year at some point. i think what we see our efforts explore

our strategy and their strategy issues associated with deployments andgt